Encryption

Encryption is the process of converting plaintext (readable information) into ciphertext (a scrambled format) to protect sensitive data from unauthorized access. This transformation is achieved using mathematical algorithms and encryption keys, which serve as the security mechanism that allows only authorized users to decode and access the original information. Encryption plays a vital role in safeguarding data across various applications, including communications, banking, and data storage.

There are two primary types of encryption: symmetric encryption, where the same key is used for both encryption and decryption, and asymmetric encryption, which uses a pair of keys—one public and one private. Symmetric encryption is typically faster and more efficient for large amounts of data, while asymmetric encryption offers a higher level of security, making it ideal for secure communications over the internet.

With the rise of cyber threats and data breaches, encryption has become essential for ensuring data confidentiality and integrity. It is widely utilized in various contexts, such as securing online transactions, protecting sensitive information in databases, and ensuring the privacy of communications. As organizations increasingly prioritize cybersecurity, encryption continues to be a foundational technology for protecting digital information.